Kuqikelelwa ukuba imveliso yehlabathi yezixhobo eziphikisayo ifikelele malunga ne-45 × 106t ngonyaka, kwaye igcine inyuka unyaka nonyaka.
Imboni yensimbi iseyona ntengiso iphambili yezixhobo ezichasayo, ezidla malunga ne-71% yemveliso yonyaka ye-refractory. Kwiminyaka eyi-15 edlulileyo, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi iphindwe kabini, yafikelela kwi-1,623×106t ngo-2015, apho malunga ne-50% iveliswa eChina. Kule minyaka imbalwa izayo, ukukhula kwesamente, iiseramikhi kunye nezinye iimveliso zezimbiwa kuya kuhambelana nale ndlela yokukhula, kwaye ukwanda kwezixhobo ezichasayo ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemveliso zesinyithi kunye nezingezizo ezesinyithi kuya kugcina ukukhula kwemarike. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphikisayo kuzo zonke iindawo kuyaqhubeka kuncipha. Ukusukela ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, ukusetyenziswa kwekhabhoni kube yeyona nto kugxilwe kuyo. Izitena ezinekhabhoni ezingatshiswanga zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinqanawa zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi yokwenza iinqanawa zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-refractories. Kwangaxeshanye, iiCastables zesamente ephantsi zaqala ukutshintsha uninzi lwezitena ezichasene nekhabhoni. Izinto ezichasayo ezingenakulinganiswa, ezifana ne-castables kunye ne-injection materials, azikho nje ukuphuculwa kwezinto ngokwazo, kodwa kunye nokuphuculwa kwendlela yokwakha. Xa kuthelekiswa nomgca we-refractory ongenakulinganiswa wemveliso emisekileyo, ukwakhiwa kukhawuleza kwaye ixesha lokunciphisa iziko liyancitshiswa. Inokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko.
Iirefractories ezingamiliselwanga zenza i-50% yemarike yehlabathi, ngakumbi amathuba okukhula kwezinto eziphoswayo kunye neepreforms. EJapan, njengesikhokelo kwindlela yehlabathi jikelele, i-monolithic refractories sele ibala i-70% yesiphumo esipheleleyo se-refractory kwi-2012, kwaye isabelo sabo semarike siye saqhubeka sikhula.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-06-2024