Isithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi sisixhobo esishushu sokunyibilikisa iglasi esenziwe ngezinto ezichasene negesi. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkonzo kunye nobomi besithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi kuxhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo kunye nomgangatho wezinto ezichasene negesi. Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokuvelisa iglasi luxhomekeke kakhulu ekuphuculweni kwetekhnoloji yokuvelisa izinto ezichasene negesi. Ke ngoko, ukhetho olufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezichasene negesi ngumxholo obaluleke kakhulu kuyilo lwezithando zokunyibilikisa iglasi. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe la manqaku mabini alandelayo, elinye ziimpawu kunye neendawo ezifanelekileyo zezinto ezichasene negesi ezikhethiweyo, kwaye elinye ziimeko zenkonzo kunye nendlela yokugqwala kwenxalenye nganye yesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi.
Izitena ze-corundum ezixutyiweyoZinyibilikiswa i-alumina kwisithando sombane se-arc kwaye ziphoswe kwimodeli ethile yesimo esithile, zifakwe i-anneal kwaye zigcinwe ngobushushu, emva koko zicutshungulwe ukuze kufunyanwe imveliso oyifunayo. Inkqubo yemveliso ngokubanzi kukusebenzisa i-alumina ene-calcined ephezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-95%) kunye nenani elincinci lezongezo, zifake izithako kwisithando sombane se-arc, kwaye zifakwe kwiimolds ezenziwe kwangaphambili emva kokuba zinyibilikisiwe kubushushu obuphezulu obungaphezulu kwe-2300 ° C, kwaye zigcinwe zifudumele. Emva kokunyibilikiswa, kuyakhutshwa, kwaye isithuba esikhutshweyo siba yimveliso egqityiweyo ehlangabezana neemfuno emva kokusebenza ngokucokisekileyo okubandayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphambili kunye nokuhlolwa.
Izitena ze-corundum ezixutyiweyo zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezintathu ngokweefom zekristale ezahlukeneyo kunye nobungakanani be-alumina: eyokuqala yi-α-Al2O3 njengesigaba esiphambili sekristale, esibizwa ngokuba zizitena ze-α-corundum; eyesibini yi-α-Al2. Iisigaba zekristale ze-O3 kunye ne-β-Al2O3 ziqulathe umxholo ofanayo, obizwa ngokuba zizitena ze-αβ corundum; uhlobo lwesithathu ikakhulu ziisigaba zekristale ze-β-Al2O3, ezibizwa ngokuba zizitena ze-β corundum. Izitena ze-corundum ezixutyiweyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-float glass melting furnishing ziindidi zesibini nezesithathu, ezizezi izitena ze-αβ corundum ezixutyiweyo kunye nezitena ze-β corundum. Eli nqaku liza kugxila kwiimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali zezitena ze-αβ corundum ezixutyiweyo kunye nezitena ze-β corundum kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwii-float glass melting furnishing.
1. Uhlalutyo lokusebenza kwezitena ze-corundum ezidityanisiweyo
1. 1 Isitena se-αβ corundum esidityanisiweyo
Izitena ze-αβ corundum ezixutyiweyo zenziwe malunga ne-50% ye-α-Al2 O3 kunye ne-β-Al2 O3, kwaye iikristale ezimbini zidibene ukuze zenze isakhiwo esixineneyo kakhulu, esinokumelana nokugqwala kwe-alkali okunamandla kakhulu. Ukuxhathisa ukugqwala kubushushu obuphezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-1350°C) kubi kancinci kunokwezitena ze-AZS ezixutyiweyo, kodwa kubushushu obungaphantsi kwe-1350°C, ukuxhathisa kwayo ukugqwala kwiglasi enyibilikisiweyo kufana noko kwezitena ze-AZS ezixutyiweyo. Ngenxa yokuba ayinayo i-Fe2 O3, i-TiO2 kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, isigaba seglasi ye-matrix sincinci kakhulu, kwaye izinto zangaphandle ezifana namaqamza azinakwenzeka xa zidibana neglasi enyibilikisiweyo, ukuze iglasi ye-matrix ingangcoliswa.
Izitena ze-αβ corundum ezixutyiweyo zixinene kwi-crystallization kwaye zinokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kwiglasi enyibilikisiweyo ngaphantsi kwe-1350°C, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa kakhulu echibini lokusebenza nangaphaya kwezitovu zokunyibilikisa iglasi, zihlala zihlanjwa, izitena zemilebe, izitena zesango, njl.njl. Izitena ze-corundum ezixutyiweyo ehlabathini zenziwa ngcono yiToshiba yaseJapan.
1.2 Isitena se-β corundum esidityanisiweyo
Izitena ze-β-corundum ezidityanisiweyo zenziwe phantse yi-100% β-Al2 O3, kwaye zinesakhiwo esikhulu sekristale esifana nepleyiti ye-β-Al2 O3. Zinkulu kwaye azinamandla kangako. Kodwa kwelinye icala, zinokuxhathisa kakuhle ukuqhekeka, ngakumbi zibonisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu kumphunga onamandla we-alkali, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa kwisakhiwo esiphezulu sesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi. Nangona kunjalo, xa zifudunyezwa emoyeni onomxholo ophantsi we-alkali, ziya kusabela kwi-SiO2, kwaye i-β-Al2O3 iya kubola ngokulula kwaye ibangele ukuncipha komthamo okubangela ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka, ngoko ke isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikude nokusasazeka kwezinto zeglasi.
1.3 Iipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali zezitena ze-αβ kunye ne-β corundum ezidityanisiweyo
Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali zezitena ze-α-β kunye ne-β corundum ezidityanisiweyo ikakhulu yi-Al2O3, umahluko uphezulu kulwakhiwo lwesigaba sekristale, kwaye umahluko kwisakhiwo se-microstructure ukhokelela kumahluko kwiipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali ezifana noxinano olukhulu, i-thermal expansion coefficient, kunye namandla okucinezela.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwezitena ze-corundum ezixutyiweyo kwii-oven zeglasi ezinyibilikisayo
Zombini izantsi kunye nodonga lwedama zidibene ngqo nolwelo lweglasi. Kuzo zonke iindawo ezidibana ngqo nolwelo lweglasi, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwizinto ezichasene nolwelo kukuxhathisa ukugqwala, oko kukuthi, akukho mpendulo yeekhemikhali eyenzekayo phakathi kwezinto ezichasene nolwelo lweglasi.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, xa kuvavanywa izalathisi zomgangatho wezinto ezidityanisiweyo ezichasene ngqo neglasi enyibilikisiweyo, ukongeza kwisakhiwo seekhemikhali, izalathisi zomzimba nezeekhemikhali, kunye nokwakheka kweeminerali, ezi mpawu zintathu zilandelayo kufuneka zihlolwe: isalathiso sokuxhathisa ukukhukuliseka kweglasi, isalathiso seebhamuza ezikhawulezileyo kunye nesalathiso sekristale esikhawulezileyo.
Ngenxa yeemfuneko eziphezulu zomgangatho weglasi kunye nokuba amandla okuvelisa esitovini aphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwezitena zombane ezidityanisiweyo kuya kuba banzi. Izitena ezidityanisiweyo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwizitovu zokunyibilikisa iglasi ziitena ezidityanisiweyo ze-AZS series (Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -SiO 2 ). Xa ubushushu bezitena ze-AZS bungaphezulu kwe-1350℃, ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo kuphindwe ka-2 ~ 5 kunezitena ze-α β -Al 2 O 3. Izitena ze-αβ corundum ezidityanisiweyo zenziwe ngamasuntswana amancinci e-α-alumina (53%) kunye ne-β-alumina (45%), aqulethe ubungakanani obuncinci beglasi (malunga ne-2%), ezalisa ii-pores phakathi kweekristale, ngobumsulwa obuphezulu, kwaye zingasetyenziswa njengeendawo zokupholisa izitena zodonga lwedama kunye neendawo zokupholisa ezisezantsi. Izitena kunye nezitena zomthungo njl.njl.
Ulwakhiwo lweminerali lwezitena ze-αβ corundum ezixutyiweyo luqulathe kuphela inani elincinci leglasi, elingayi kuphuma lize lingcolise ulwelo lweglasi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye linokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kunye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka kobushushu obuphezulu ngaphantsi kwe-1350 ° C. Licandelo lokupholisa lesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi. Liyinto efanelekileyo yokuchasana neendonga zetanki, amazantsi esithando kunye neendawo zokuhlamba iimpahla zezithando zokunyibilikisa iglasi ezixutyiweyo. Kwiprojekthi yobunjineli yesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi esixutyiweyo, isitena se-αβ corundum esixutyiweyo sisetyenziswa njengesitena sodonga lwedama lendawo yokupholisa yesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi. Ukongeza, izitena ze-αβ corundum ezixutyiweyo zikwasetyenziswa kwizitena zendlela kunye nezitena zokugquma ezidityanisiweyo kwicandelo lokupholisa.
Isitena se-β corundum esixutyiweyo simveliso emhlophe eyenziwe ziikristale ezirhabaxa ze-β-Al2 O3, eziqulethe i-92% ~ 95% Al 2 O 3, esingaphantsi kwe-1% kuphela kwisigaba seglasi, kwaye amandla ayo olwakhiwo abuthathaka ngenxa ye-lattice yekristale ekhululekileyo. Iphantsi, i-porosity ebonakalayo ingaphantsi kwe-15%. Ekubeni i-Al2O3 ngokwayo igcwele i-sodium engaphezulu kwe-2000°C, izinzile kakhulu kumphunga we-alkali kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye uzinzo lwayo lobushushu nalo luhle kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa idibana ne-SiO 2, i-Na 2 O ekwi-β-Al 2 O 3 iyabola kwaye isabela kwi-SiO2, kwaye i-β-Al 2 O 3 iguqulwa ngokulula ibe yi-α-Al 2 O 3, nto leyo ebangela ukuncitshiswa okukhulu, okubangela ukuqhekeka kunye nomonakalo. Ngoko ke, ifaneleka kuphela kwizakhiwo ezikude nothuli olubhabhayo lweSiO2, njengesakhiwo esingaphezulu sedama lokusebenza lesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi, umngxuma ongasemva kwendawo yokunyibilikisa kunye neparapet yayo ekufutshane, ukulinganisa isithando esincinci kunye nezinye iindawo.
Ngenxa yokuba ayisebenzi kwii-alkali metal oxides eziguquguqukayo, akuyi kubakho zinto zinyibilikisiweyo eziphuma kumphezulu wezitena ukuze zingcolise iglasi. Kwisithando esinyibilikisa iglasi esidadayo, ngenxa yokuncitshiswa ngequbuliso kwendlela yokungena komjelo wokuhamba kwenxalenye yokupholisa, kulula ukubangela ukufuma komphunga we-alkaline apha, ngoko ke umjelo wokuhamba apha wenziwe ngezitena ze-β ezidityanisiweyo ezimelana nokugqwala ngumphunga we-alkaline.
3. Isiphelo
Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezintle zezitena ze-corundum ezidityanisiweyo ngokubhekiselele ekumelaneni nokukhukuliseka kweglasi, ukuxhathisa igwebu, kunye nokuxhathisa amatye, ingakumbi isakhiwo sayo esikhethekileyo sekristale, ayingcolisi kangako iglasi enyibilikisiweyo. Kukho ukusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo kwibhanti yokucacisa, kwicandelo lokupholisa, umdyarho, isitovu esincinci kunye nezinye iindawo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-05-2024