Isithando somlilo se-VAD esirhabaxa

I-VAD sisifinyezo segama elithi vacuum arc degassing, indlela ye-VAD yaphuhliswa yinkampani yeFinkl kunye nenkampani yeMohr, ngoko ke ikwabizwa ngokuba yindlela yeFinkl-Mohr okanye indlela yeFinkl-VAD. Isithando se-VAD sisetyenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi yezixhobo, intsimbi ethwala imithwalo, intsimbi ethambileyo kakhulu njalo njalo.

Izixhobo zokucoca i-VAD zenziwe ikakhulu nge-ladle yentsimbi, inkqubo ye-vacuum, izixhobo zokufudumeza i-arc yombane kunye nezixhobo zokongeza i-ferroalloy.

Iimpawu zendlela ye-VAD

1. Isiphumo esihle sokususa igesi ngexesha lokufudumeza, kuba ukufudumeza kwe-arc yombane kwenziwa kwimeko ye-vacuum.
2. Ingalungisa ngokuchanekileyo ubushushu bokubumba ulwelo lwentsimbi, ingaphakathi leladle yentsimbi inokuphinda ivuselele ubushushu ngokwaneleyo, ukwehla kobushushu kuzinzile ngexesha lokubumba.
3. Ulwelo lwentsimbi lungaxutywa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokucocwa, ukwakheka kolwelo lwentsimbi kuzinzile.
4. Ingxubevange enkulu inokongezwa kulwelo lwentsimbi, uluhlu lweentlobo zokunyibilikisa lubanzi.
5. Izinto ezisetyenziswa xa kunyibilikiswa i-slagging kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa xa kunyibilikiswa i-sulfurization, decarburization. Ukuba i-oxygen gun ixhotyiswe kwi-vacuum cover, indlela yokusebenzisa i-vacuum oxygen decarburization ingasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa intsimbi engatyiwayo enekhabhoni ephantsi kakhulu.

Umsebenzi we-VAD furnace steel ladle ulingana ne-electric arc smelting furnace. I-VAD furnace isebenza kwimeko ye-vacuum, i-steel ladle working lining ifumana ubunzima kwi-steel liquid kunye ne-slag chemical corrosion kunye ne-mechanical washing, okwangoku, i-electric arc thermal radiation inamandla, ubushushu buphezulu, indawo eshushu iya kuba nomonakalo omkhulu. Ngokongeza i-slagging agent, i-slag corrosion inzima, ngakumbi i-slag line zone kunye nenxalenye ephezulu, izinga lokugqwala likhawuleza nangakumbi.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezichasene neladle ye-VAD kufuneka kusetyenziswe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezitena ezichasene neladle ngokwemeko yobugcisa, ukuze ubomi benkonzo bube bude kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezichasene neladle kuncitshiswe.

Izinto ezirhabaxa ezisetyenziswa kwindlela ye-VAD ziquka ikakhulu: izitena ze-magnesia chrome, izitena ze-magnesia carbon, izitena ze-dolomite njalo njalo.

I-lining esebenzayo ikakhulu isebenzisa izitena ze-chrome ze-magnesia ezibotshelelweyo ngqo, izitena ze-chrome ze-magnesite ezibotshelelweyo kunye nezitena ze-chrome ze-magnesia ezibotshelelweyo ezixutywe kancinci, izitena ze-carbon ze-magnesite, izitena ze-alumina eziphezulu ezitshisiweyo okanye ezingatshisiweyo kunye nezitena ze-dolomite eziphathwe ngobushushu obuphantsi, njl. I-lining esisigxina idla ngokusebenzisa izitena ze-chrome ze-magnesia ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, izitena ze-fireclay kunye nezitena ze-alumina eziphezulu ezikhaphukhaphu.

Kwezinye izitofu ze-VAD, i-ladle bottom working lining idla ngokusebenzisa izitena ze-zircon kunye ne-zircon refractory ramming mixes. Ngaphantsi komgca we-slag inxalenye ibekwe ngezitena ze-alumina eziphezulu. Inxalenye yomgca we-slag yakhiwe ngezitena ze-magnesia chrome ezibotshelelweyo ngqo. Ngaphezulu komgca we-slag indawo eshushu yakhiwe zizitena ze-magnesia carbon ezibotshelelweyo ngqo, ngelixa inxalenye eseleyo izitena ezisebenza zizitena ze-magnesite chromite ezibotshelelweyo ngqo.

Icandelo le-VAD ladles slag line likwasebenzisa izitena ze-magnesia chrome ezibotshelelweyo ngqo kunye nezitena ze-magnesia chrome ezidityanisiweyo. Iladle esebenza phantsi igqunywe zizitena ze-zircon. Iplagi enemingxuma isekelwe kwi-alumina mullite ephezulu, kwaye ezinye iindawo zakhiwe zizitena ze-alumina eziphezulu ezingatshiswanga.